Adversaries may create, acquire, or steal code signing materials to sign their malware or tools. Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a binary from the developer and a guarantee that the binary has not been tampered with.1 The certificates used during an operation may be created, acquired, or stolen by the adversary.23 Unlike Invalid Code Signature, this activity will result in a valid signature. Code signing to verify software on first run can be used on modern Windows and macOS systems. It is not used on Linux due to the decentralized nature of the platform.45 Code signing certificates may be used to bypass security policies that require signed code to execute on a system.
- Wikipedia Code Signing
- Securelist Digital Certificates
- Symantec Digital Certificates
- Wikipedia Code Signing
- EclecticLightChecksonEXECodeSigning
Groups using this technique
| Group | Name | Country |
|---|---|---|
| grp_g0039 | Suckfly | China |
| grp_g1009 | Moses Staff | Iran |
| grp_g1034 | Daggerfly | — |
| grp_g0021 | Molerats | — |
| grp_g0056 | PROMETHIUM | — |
| grp_g0012 | Darkhotel | South Korea |
| grp_g1014 | LuminousMoth | China |
| grp_g1054 | MirrorFace | — |
| grp_g1031 | Saint Bear | Russia |
| grp_g0044 | Winnti Group | — |
| grp_g1056 | TeamPCP | — |
| grp_g0129 | Mustang Panda | China |
| grp_g0032 | Lazarus Group | DPRK |
| grp_g0052 | CopyKittens | Iran |
| grp_g0093 | GALLIUM | — |
| grp_g0037 | FIN6 | — |
| grp_g1051 | Medusa Group | — |
| grp_g1015 | Scattered Spider | — |
| grp_g0102 | Wizard Spider | Russia |
| grp_g0049 | OilRig | Iran |
| grp_g0091 | Silence | — |
| grp_g0065 | Leviathan | China |
| grp_g0046 | FIN7 | — |
| grp_g0092 | TA505 | — |
| grp_g0094 | Kimsuky | DPRK |
| grp_g0096 | APT41 | China |
| grp_g0045 | menuPass | — |
| grp_g0040 | Patchwork | — |
Claims
No public claim points at this technique yet.
Auto-ingested and not human-reviewed; confidence and validity read by citation.